Help me with my year 8 assignment on roman and greek architecture, PLEASE?
Please help me with these questions about greek and roman architecture. Its for an art assignment which is due tomorrow and i have alot to do Why was the Greek post and lintel system not satisfactory for Roman buildings? How did the architects of the Parthenon take into account the optical illusion that occurs to straight lines from a distance? What new material did the romans use? What structural systems did the romans invent?
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- Why was the Greek post and lintel system not satisfactory for Roman buildings? The Greek post and lintel system was not satisfactory for Romans buildings because it was not strong enough for the big buildings the Romans built. The Romans built big buildings that would've required many columns to hold it up. Instead they used arches since the weight of the structure was spread evenly out and toward the ground rather than directly down on the beam. The arch increased the amount of weight that could be supported in a single area which allowed for more room on the inside to exist. The extra room on the inside wouldn't have been possible if the previously necessary columns were used. The Romans did keep some columns around, but they were only for decoration. How did the architects of the Parthenon take into account the optical illusion that occurs to straight lines from a distance? The Parthenon appears as if it were built on perfect right triangles, when in reality it has none. The optical illusion of linear perspective would've made the Parthenon look sagged and crooked from a distance. To make sure this didn't happen, the columns were built to lean slightly inward. Also, the architects constructed the base and other horizontal elements with a slight upward curvature. To do this, they made the base higher at the center than at the perimeter. They also designed each of the massive columns to bulge slightly in the center. All of this was done to make the temple look perfectly straight. What new material did the Romans use? The new material that the Romans used was concrete. It may be more specifically referred to as opus cementicium. The question asked for ONE material, not several. What structural systems did the Romans invent? Structural systems invented by the Romans were made possible by the Roman perfection of the ARCH, the VAULT, and the DOME. It is a common misconception that the Romans invented two of these structures. The Romans are credited for building the dome though they are only credited for perfecting the vault and arch. Some inventions included the Triumphal Arch, the Roman Arch, vaulted ceilings, Basilicas and the perfection of the aqueduct, bridges, and gates. On a personal note: I believe the Romans didn't invent the dome but many sources disagree with me. I believe they invented the first complete Masonry Dome but not the dome itself. Domes existed in Mesopotamia 6000 years ago and in Mycenaean Greece 3500 years ago. This source: http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761555109/Dome_(architecture).html agreed with what I said.
- Why was the Greek ... "Roman civic monuments included a number of building types of unprecedented size and complexity, which could not have been built using the Greek beam-and-column construction system." How did the.. "entablature rose 3 to correct an illusion caused by the sloping lines of the pediment which gave to the horizontal cornice the appearance of having sunk in the centre The stylobate had therefore to be similarly curved so that the columns should be all of the same height The columns are not all equidistant those nearer the angle being closer together than the others which gave a greater appearance of strength to the temple this was increased by a slight inclination inwards of all t he columns In order to correct another optical illusion which causes the shaft of a column when it diminishes as it rises and is formed with absolute straight lines to appear hollow or concave an increment known as the entasis was given to the column about one third up the shaft " What new material did the romans... "materials (including concrete, terra-cotta, and fired bricks)" structural systems "temples generally remained modeled on those of Greece, with the common addition of a high plinth (base or platform) and the frequent omission of the side and rear columns" "...use of domed construction in mass concrete..."
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